Overview
Income Tax Brackets works by aggregating federal income tax data from official sources including the Tax Foundation and IRS publications. Data covers all filing statuses (single, married filing jointly, married filing separately, head of household) with historical data back to 2000.
Live Test Income Tax Brackets Source →
Formula
One function covers the whole catalog: the first argument names the source, the rest are its inputs, and the "field" pair says which single value lands in the cell. Formulas covers the grammar that applies to all of them.
=VERVE("incometax", A2, "field", "type")=VERVE.CALL("incometax", A2, "field", "type")A2 holds the country you are looking up. Drag the formula down and each row resolves on its own.
With literal values
Nothing has to come from a cell — typed values work the same way.
=VERVE("incometax", "US", "field", "type")=VERVE.CALL("incometax", "US", "field", "type")Inputs
Required inputs are positional, in the order below. Everything else is passed as a "name", value pair after them — the same shape as SUMIFS. Premium inputs are accepted on every plan but only take effect on plans that include them.
| Input | Type | Where it goes | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
countryRequired | string | argument 2 (A2) | The country code (currently only 'US' is supported) length 2–2 |
yearOptionalPremium | integer | "year", value | The tax year to retrieve brackets for. Defaults to the previous year. range 2000–2030 |
Passing an option
=VERVE("incometax", A2, "year", 2024)=VERVE.CALL("incometax", A2, "year", 2024)What lands in your sheet
The "field" pair is what makes the formula resolve to one cell. Its value is a dot-path from the table below, so swapping it is how you pull a different value — one formula per column.
Seeing everything at once
Drop the "field" pair and the formula returns the whole response instead: two columns, field name on the left and value on the right, spilling from the cell you typed in.
=VERVE("incometax", A2)=VERVE.CALL("incometax", A2)The second row's table would land on top of the first's, and every cell after the first reads #REF! (#SPILL! in Excel). Keep one per sheet, or name a field, and leave the cells below and to the right empty.
Response fields
Paths are relative to data. Each one is exactly what the "field" pair accepts, so swapping it is how you pull a different value into a cell. On a plan without a Premium field the cell reads #PREMIUM(field) rather than a value, so a locked field never looks like a real answer.
| Use as "field" | Type | Example cell value | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
year | number | 2025 | Tax year for the bracket data |
country | string | US | Country code for tax data |
type | string | federal | Which tax the brackets describe, such as federal |
brackets | object | {…} | Array of tax brackets with rates and income ranges |
brackets.single | array[7] | Rate bands for a single filer | |
brackets.single.0.rate | number | 0.1 | Marginal rate for the band |
brackets.single.0.min | number | 0 | Income at which the band starts |
brackets.single.0.max | number | 11924 | Income at which the band ends; null for the top band |
brackets.married_filing_jointly | array[7] | Rate bands for married filers filing jointly | |
brackets.married_filing_jointly.0.rate | number | 0.1 | Marginal rate for the band |
brackets.married_filing_jointly.0.min | number | 0 | Income at which the band starts |
brackets.married_filing_jointly.0.max | number | 23849 | Income at which the band ends; null for the top band |
brackets.married_filing_separately | array[7] | Rate bands for married filers filing separately | |
brackets.married_filing_separately.0.rate | number | 0.1 | Marginal rate for the band |
brackets.married_filing_separately.0.min | number | 0 | Income at which the band starts |
brackets.married_filing_separately.0.max | number | 11924 | Income at which the band ends; null for the top band |
brackets.head_of_household | array[7] | Rate bands for a head of household filer | |
brackets.head_of_household.0.rate | number | 0.1 | Marginal rate for the band |
brackets.head_of_household.0.min | number | 0 | Income at which the band starts |
brackets.head_of_household.0.max | number | 16999 | Income at which the band ends; null for the top band |
standard_deduction | object | {…} | Standard deduction amounts by filing status |
standard_deduction.single | number | 15000 | |
standard_deduction.married_filing_jointly | number | 30000 | |
standard_deduction.married_filing_separately | number | 15000 | |
standard_deduction.head_of_household | number | 22500 | |
lastUpdated | string | 2026-02-07T06:02:41.898Z | When the bracket table was last refreshed |
marriagePenaltyPremium | object | {…} | Where filing jointly stops being worth twice a single filer's thresholds; null when the schedule doubles all the way up |
marriagePenalty.appliesFromRatePremium | number | 0.37 | The rate band at which the doubling first breaks |
marriagePenalty.singleThresholdPremium | number | 626350 | Income at which a single filer enters that band |
marriagePenalty.jointThresholdPremium | number | 751600 | Income at which a couple filing jointly enters the same band |
marriagePenalty.jointShortfallPremium | number | 501100 | How far the joint threshold falls short of twice the single threshold |
effectiveRateCurvePremium | object | {…} | Effective and marginal rate at a fixed ladder of incomes, for each filing status, showing the shape of the schedule |
effectiveRateCurve.singlePremium | array[5] | ||
effectiveRateCurve.single.0.incomePremium | number | 25000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.single.0.taxableIncomePremium | number | 10000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.single.0.taxPremium | number | 1000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.single.0.effectiveRatePremium | number | 0.04 | |
effectiveRateCurve.single.0.marginalRatePremium | number | 0.1 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_jointlyPremium | array[5] | ||
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_jointly.0.incomePremium | number | 25000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_jointly.0.taxableIncomePremium | number | 0 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_jointly.0.taxPremium | number | 0 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_jointly.0.effectiveRatePremium | number | 0 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_jointly.0.marginalRatePremium | number | 0.1 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_separatelyPremium | array[5] | ||
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_separately.0.incomePremium | number | 25000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_separately.0.taxableIncomePremium | number | 10000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_separately.0.taxPremium | number | 1000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_separately.0.effectiveRatePremium | number | 0.04 | |
effectiveRateCurve.married_filing_separately.0.marginalRatePremium | number | 0.1 | |
effectiveRateCurve.head_of_householdPremium | array[5] | ||
effectiveRateCurve.head_of_household.0.incomePremium | number | 25000 | |
effectiveRateCurve.head_of_household.0.taxableIncomePremium | number | 2500 | |
effectiveRateCurve.head_of_household.0.taxPremium | number | 250 | |
effectiveRateCurve.head_of_household.0.effectiveRatePremium | number | 0.01 | |
effectiveRateCurve.head_of_household.0.marginalRatePremium | number | 0.1 | |
changesPremium | object | {…} | How the table moved since the previous tax year; null when there is no prior year to compare against |
changes.versusYearPremium | number | 2024 | The tax year being compared against |
changes.indexingPercentPremium | number | 2.794 | Average shift across every indexed threshold, which is the inflation adjustment the tax authority actually applied |
changes.bracketShiftsPremium | object | {…} | Each band's threshold before and after, per filing status, with the percentage it moved |
changes.bracketShifts.singlePremium | array[6] | ||
changes.bracketShifts.single.0.ratePremium | number | 0.12 | |
changes.bracketShifts.single.0.fromPremium | number | 11600 | |
changes.bracketShifts.single.0.toPremium | number | 11925 | |
changes.bracketShifts.single.0.shiftPercentPremium | number | 2.802 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_jointlyPremium | array[6] | ||
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_jointly.0.ratePremium | number | 0.12 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_jointly.0.fromPremium | number | 23200 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_jointly.0.toPremium | number | 23850 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_jointly.0.shiftPercentPremium | number | 2.802 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_separatelyPremium | array[6] | ||
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_separately.0.ratePremium | number | 0.12 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_separately.0.fromPremium | number | 11600 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_separately.0.toPremium | number | 11925 | |
changes.bracketShifts.married_filing_separately.0.shiftPercentPremium | number | 2.802 | |
changes.bracketShifts.head_of_householdPremium | array[6] | ||
changes.bracketShifts.head_of_household.0.ratePremium | number | 0.12 | |
changes.bracketShifts.head_of_household.0.fromPremium | number | 16550 | |
changes.bracketShifts.head_of_household.0.toPremium | number | 17000 | |
changes.bracketShifts.head_of_household.0.shiftPercentPremium | number | 2.719 |
Filling a whole column
Both platforms make one batched call for a column rather than one request per cell, and both cost the same — 2 credits per row looked up. How you write it differs, because the two runtimes batch at different points.
=VERVE("incometax", A2:A100, "field", "type")In Google Sheets, give the arguments ranges and the answers spill down from the cell you typed in. Custom functions there run synchronously and in isolation, so dragged cells cannot be coalesced — the range form is how a column becomes one call. The "field" pair is required here: a per-row two-column table has nowhere to spill. Use a full column per input (A2:A100, not A2) — a single-cell reference is read as row 1 only and the rest of the column comes back blank.
In Excel, type the formula once and fill down — no range form and none needed, because its runtime is asynchronous and the add-in coalesces the calls a fill produces into a single batched request. Do not hand VERVE.CALL a range: Excel flattens it into positional arguments, so A2:A100 arrives as a hundred separate arguments and the cell reads #ERR rather than filling.
Either way, column A holds your country values and the answers land beside them, one row each, blank rows skipped.
When a cell doesn't fill
A failed lookup returns readable text starting with #ERR rather than a spreadsheet error, because Excel cannot show a custom message on a real error — you would get a bare #VALUE! with no reason. The trade-off is that IFERROR() will not catch it; test with LEFT(cell, 4) = "#ERR" instead. Error handling covers the rest.
| Cell reads | What happened |
|---|---|
#ERR Not connected | No API key saved. Open the side panel and connect your account. |
#ERR Replace <name> with a cell or value | A preview formula was copied as-is. Swap the placeholder for a cell reference. |
#ERR No "x" in incometax | An option name this source does not take. The message lists the ones it does. |
#ERR No data point "…" | The "field" path is not in the response. Check it against the table above. |
#PREMIUM(field) | The field exists but your plan does not include it. |
#ERR Out of credits | The cycle's credits are spent. Usage resets on your billing date. |
Before the formula works
The add-in reads the API key you saved once in the side panel — the key never goes in the formula, so a shared sheet does not leak it and a collaborator without access simply sees the last calculated values.
- Install the add-in for Google Sheets or Excel.
- Open the side panel and sign in, or paste a key from your dashboard.
- Type the formula above into any cell.
Use cases
- Payroll Withholding Engine
- Payroll software matches employee gross pay against standard deductions and marginal rates to compute accurate federal tax withholdings.
- Retirement Income Planning
- When modeling pension and 401(k) drawdowns, financial advisory tools test projected distributions against married filing jointly brackets.
- Mortgage Underwriting Review
- Determine net monthly borrower income by evaluating gross salaries against federal deduction thresholds and rate tiers during credit assessments.
- Tax Audit Reviews
- Accounting platforms audit amended tax returns by checking declared earnings against historical rate bands and deduction amounts.
Other ways to use Income Tax Brackets
Set up Income Tax Brackets on VerveSheets, or reach the same source a different way. Your VerveSheets account and credits work on all of them — one key, one balance.
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